Breast cancer treatment has seen significant advancements over the years, with various surgical options available to cater to the needs and preferences of patients. One such innovative procedure is the nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). This surgical approach offers a balance between cancer removal and cosmetic preservation, allowing women to maintain a more natural appearance post-surgery. Dr. Pooja Agarwal, a leading oncologist in Kolkata, shares her expert insights on nipple-sparing mastectomy, its benefits, risks, and what patients can expect from the procedure.
What is Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy?
Nipple-sparing mastectomy is a type of breast surgery that involves the removal of breast tissue while preserving the skin, nipple, and areola. Unlike traditional mastectomy, where the entire breast including the nipple and areola is removed, NSM focuses on maintaining the appearance of the breast as much as possible. This procedure is particularly beneficial for women who wish to retain a natural look post-mastectomy, often making the subsequent reconstructive surgery more aesthetically pleasing.
Who is a Candidate for Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy?
Not all breast cancer patients are suitable candidates for NSM. The procedure is typically recommended for women with:
- Small, Early-Stage Tumors: Patients with smaller tumors that are not located near the nipple may be eligible for NSM.
- Preventive Surgery: Women with a high risk of developing breast cancer, such as those with BRCA mutations, may opt for NSM as a preventive measure.
- Favorable Breast Anatomy: Women with smaller, non-drooping breasts are generally better candidates for this procedure.
Benefits of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Dr. Pooja Agarwal highlights several benefits of NSM:
- Cosmetic Preservation: One of the primary advantages of NSM is the preservation of the nipple and areola, which can significantly enhance the cosmetic outcome of breast reconstruction.
- Psychological Benefits: Retaining the nipple can help improve a patient’s body image and emotional well-being after surgery.
- Reconstruction Options: NSM allows for immediate reconstruction using implants or the patient’s own tissue, leading to a more natural breast appearance.
Risks and Considerations
While NSM offers many benefits, it is not without risks:
- Nipple Necrosis: One of the potential complications of NSM is the loss of blood supply to the nipple, which can lead to nipple necrosis (tissue death). However, with careful surgical planning, this risk can be minimized.
- Cancer Recurrence: Although rare, there is a small risk of cancer recurrence in the preserved nipple tissue. Close monitoring and regular follow-ups are essential for early detection.
- Sensation Changes: Patients may experience changes in nipple sensation after the procedure, ranging from reduced sensitivity to complete loss of sensation.
The Procedure and Recovery
NSM is typically performed under general anesthesia. During the surgery, the breast tissue is removed through small incisions, often made in the fold under the breast or around the areola. The nipple-areola complex is carefully preserved, and immediate reconstruction is often performed.
Recovery from NSM varies, but most patients can expect to resume normal activities within a few weeks. Regular follow-ups with the oncologist and the surgical team are crucial to monitor healing and ensure the absence of any complications.
Conclusion
Nipple-sparing mastectomy is a valuable option for women seeking effective breast cancer treatment while preserving their body’s natural appearance. With expert care from Dr. Pooja Agarwal, one of Kolkata’s best oncologists, patients can benefit from advanced surgical techniques that prioritize both health and aesthetics.
If you are considering nipple-sparing mastectomy or want to learn more about your surgical options for breast cancer, consult with Dr. Pooja Agarwal for personalized advice and comprehensive care.